Foreign trade in Mongolia reached USD 16.6 billion during the first eight months of 2025, highlighting strong international engagement. According to the National Statistics Committee, the country traded with 157 nations. Exports totaled USD 9.2 billion, while imports reached USD 7.5 billion, resulting in a trade surplus of USD 1.7 billion.
Despite this surplus, overall trade declined by 8.2 percent compared to the same period last year. Exports dropped 13.8 percent, equivalent to USD 1.5 billion, while imports fell slightly by 0.3 percent, or USD 24.7 million. Consequently, the trade surplus decreased by 46.2 percent, or USD 1.4 billion.
Analysts note that fluctuations in global demand and commodity prices contributed to this shift in Mongolia’s foreign trade. Minerals, livestock, and cashmere remain the backbone of exports, while stable domestic consumption kept imports relatively steady.
Experts highlight the need to diversify Mongolia’s foreign trade markets. Broadening relationships beyond traditional partners could help stabilize the trade balance. Additionally, increasing the value of exported goods may generate higher revenues.
Government initiatives aim to enhance foreign trade through investment incentives and trade facilitation programs. These efforts target both large enterprises and small businesses, helping them access new international markets. Analysts believe these measures could mitigate global market pressures over time.
Foreign investors also show growing interest in Mongolia’s mining and renewable energy sectors. Several joint ventures and trade agreements are under discussion, which could boost exports next year. Trade officials continue monitoring global conditions to adjust policies as needed.
Looking ahead, authorities remain cautiously optimistic. Maintaining growth in foreign trade depends on stable international demand and ongoing domestic reforms. Policymakers emphasize improving infrastructure, logistics, and regulatory frameworks to remain competitive.
Overall, Mongolia’s foreign trade shows resilience despite a decline in turnover. Government and industry stakeholders are implementing strategies to support long-term growth and balance trade in the coming years.
