Genetic testing expansion in Japan marks a significant shift in reproductive healthcare. The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) has broadened eligibility for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). Previously, only couples who struggled with multiple IVF failures or experienced recurrent miscarriages could access this procedure. Now, women aged 35 and older undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) can also opt for PGT.
PGT involves extracting cells from embryos to examine their chromosomal structure. Embryos without abnormalities are then selected for implantation. This process aims to enhance the chances of a successful pregnancy and reduce the risk of genetic disorders.
Between 2022 and 2024, JSOG approved 110 out of 124 applications for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). PGD screens embryos for serious genetic diseases, including those that manifest in adulthood. This expansion reflects a growing recognition of the benefits of genetic screening in reproductive medicine.
The decision to include women aged 35 and older aligns with increasing evidence that maternal age can influence the quality of eggs and embryos. By extending PGT eligibility, Japan aims to support older women in achieving healthier pregnancies.
However, this expansion raises ethical considerations. Critics argue that broadening PGT access may lead to the selection of embryos based on genetic traits, potentially reinforcing societal biases. Proponents contend that offering PGT provides individuals with more reproductive choices and can prevent the transmission of serious genetic conditions.
In conclusion, Japan’s move to expand genetic testing eligibility represents a significant development in reproductive healthcare. It underscores the country’s commitment to integrating advanced medical technologies to support diverse reproductive needs. As the landscape of reproductive medicine evolves, ongoing dialogue will be essential to navigate the ethical complexities associated with genetic testing.
