According to the National Statistics Office of Mongolia, the average monthly household income has increased notably. It now stands at MNT 1.8 million, which is MNT 119,300 higher than the same period last year. This rise reflects significant changes in household income and spending patterns across the country.
Wages and salaries contribute the largest share of income, making up 57.9 percent of total household earnings. Following this, pensions and allowances account for 21.6 percent. Agricultural production represents 7.5 percent, while other income sources make up 7 percent. Non-agricultural production and services contribute 6 percent.
Compared to 2024, wages grew by 1.5 percentage points, and income from non-agricultural production increased by 0.2 points. In contrast, pensions and allowances dropped by 1.3 points, agricultural income decreased by 0.2 points, and other income sources declined slightly.
The distribution of households by income group reveals important trends. There are 76,400 households earning below MNT 700,000, while 233,200 households fall in the MNT 700,000 to 1.6 million range. Those earning between MNT 1.6 million and 3 million total 308,600 households. The largest group, 387,000 households, earns more than MNT 3 million. Notably, the number of households earning below MNT 700,000 has dropped by 33,100, showing an overall income improvement.
Spending patterns also show clear shifts. Average monthly household expenditure reached MNT 2.8 million, rising by MNT 324,500 from last year. Non-food goods and services dominate spending at MNT 1.9 million, while food products account for MNT 515,900. Other expenses total MNT 301,000, and gifts and assistance reach MNT 56,700. Food expenditure’s share decreased by 0.7 percentage points, while spending on non-food goods rose by 0.5 points. Gifts and assistance also saw a slight increase.
Examining food expenditure reveals that meat and meat products take 32.6 percent, cereals and flour products 22.9 percent, dairy and eggs 12.2 percent, and vegetables 7.1 percent. Together, these categories make up nearly 75 percent of food spending. Compared to last year, spending on meat, dairy, and fruit increased, whereas cereals, vegetables, fats, oils, and sugar products declined.
Households with income under MNT 700,000 depend heavily on pensions and allowances, which make up 80.4 percent of their income. Conversely, high-income households earning above MNT 2.1 million receive 66.3 percent of their income from wages and salaries.
These shifts highlight how household income and spending patterns evolve in Mongolia. More households are moving into higher income brackets, and spending is adjusting accordingly. Such changes will influence economic planning and policy decisions in the coming years.
