North Korea has introduced a new movement control law that sharply limits citizens’ access to train travel. Enacted in May, the legislation requires travelers to show both identification and a travel pass before boarding any train. Authorities claim the measure promotes order and safety, yet analysts say it intensifies government surveillance and restricts freedom.
Under this movement control law, citizens must also purchase a separate station ticket to enter train stations. Even those who only wish to greet or send off travelers must buy one. Anyone caught without the proper ticket faces fines or disciplinary action.
Passengers must always carry identification and a valid travel pass. Officials will deny boarding to anyone without both documents. Violators can face administrative penalties or even unpaid labor, depending on the offense.
The government has also made compliance training mandatory. Companies, schools, and public organizations must regularly educate citizens about the new travel rules. This training aims to encourage “voluntary” cooperation with the railroad travel regime.
Experts warn that the movement control law is part of a broader system of population monitoring. Kim Tae-won, a research fellow at the Korean Institute for National Unification, said the new restrictions violate the right to free movement. He cited Article 12 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which guarantees citizens the liberty to move within their own country.
The law also defines a list of prohibited behaviors during train travel. These include counterfeiting tickets, hanging from trains, blocking tracks, and carrying illegal goods. It also bans clothing that contradicts socialist values and performing foreign music or dances.
Punishments vary but can include up to three months of unpaid labor. Repeat offenders risk longer sentences. Experts argue that such penalties, often issued without formal trials, breach international labor conventions.
Human rights observers see the movement control law as another step toward deeper state control. By limiting movement, Pyongyang can monitor citizens more closely and reduce the risk of defection. Critics say these restrictions further isolate the population and erode basic freedoms.
The international community continues to call for transparency and reform. However, North Korea’s leadership shows no signs of easing its grip on domestic mobility. The movement control law remains a symbol of growing authoritarian control within the country.
