Taiwanese scientists have developed carbon-capturing plants that absorb 50 percent more carbon dioxide while producing twice as many seeds. This breakthrough in agricultural biotechnology could advance climate mitigation and enhance food production. Researchers say the innovation offers potential for major food crops like rice and wheat.
The project is led by Academia Sinica, Taiwan’s leading research institute. Lead author Lu Kuan-jen explained that the genetically engineered plants operate a second carbon dioxide fixation system alongside their natural one. This dual mechanism increases biomass and seed production, making them highly efficient carbon-capturing plants.
Academia Sinica president James Liao emphasized that humans release 9.6 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide annually, while land and oceans absorb 220 billion tonnes through photosynthesis. Consequently, enhancing photosynthesis became a central research goal. Liao noted that the new system could improve carbon fixation without additional labor or equipment costs.
The research team first began experimenting two decades ago, introducing a synthetic biochemical system into thale cress through gene transformation. Tests revealed a 50 percent increase in carbon dioxide uptake compared to unmodified plants. Furthermore, the plants showed higher lipid production in leaves and seeds, alongside doubled or tripled biomass.
Lu described the gene-edited specimens as “magic plants” because of their accelerated growth and efficiency. Experts suggest that applying the system to grains, vegetables, or other crops could improve yields and provide sustainable feedstock for industries such as aviation fuel and chemicals.
Yeh Kuo-chen, director of the Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, stated that the next phase involves testing the system on rice, tomatoes, and other major crops. Researchers caution that growth regulation differs between species, making precise carbon capture predictions difficult. However, even a 10 percent increase in crop carbon fixation could surpass human annual emissions.
While the development represents a major scientific milestone, Liao stressed that commercial applications are years away. Regulatory approval, genetic stability, and long-term safety remain key hurdles. The team is committed to advancing research while ensuring compliance with global standards for genetically modified crops.
Ultimately, these carbon-capturing plants showcase Taiwan’s leadership in sustainable agriculture innovation. Researchers hope that further development could address climate change, food security, and industrial sustainability.
