China aims to win Taiwan without firing a shot. Since no clear path to unification exists, Beijing uses hybrid warfare to weaken Taiwan internally. This strategy targets Taiwan’s sovereignty by mixing political, cyber, and psychological tactics. Beijing hopes to pressure Taiwan into choosing unification voluntarily, avoiding direct military conflict.
First, Beijing shapes public opinion through propaganda and disinformation. By controlling the narrative, it tries to convince Taiwanese people that unification is inevitable. At the same time, China sows doubt about U.S. support, feeding what analysts call “US skepticism.” These tactics have persisted since Taiwan’s first presidential election in 1996.
Second, Beijing interferes in Taiwan’s elections and uses cyberattacks. In 2024 alone, Taiwan’s government networks faced millions of cyberattacks daily. These attacks aim to disrupt democratic institutions and erode public trust. Alongside cyber threats, China increases air and maritime incursions near Taiwan, creating fear and uncertainty.
Third, Beijing employs lawfare and intimidation. For example, the Guangzhou Public Security Bureau recently issued “wanted” notices targeting Taiwanese military personnel under a Chinese law enforcement framework. Reports of plots against Taiwanese leaders add to concerns about physical intimidation. These actions pressure Taiwan to adopt policies favorable to Beijing.
China’s hybrid warfare blends psychological pressure, legal pretexts, and economic coercion to break Taiwan’s will. Beijing’s 2005 Anti-Secession Law gives it a legal justification for potential military action if peaceful unification fails. This law reinforces the threat of war while normalizing Beijing’s aggressive stance.
In response, Taiwan focuses on resilience. It strengthens cybersecurity through centralized command and advanced AI technology. Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense regularly shares updates on Chinese military movements to expose Beijing’s intentions. Economically, Taiwan diversifies trade partners while maintaining selective ties to China to preserve leverage.
Militarily, Taiwan invests in asymmetric warfare and drone capabilities. These efforts enhance its ability to deny access and protect its territory. Taiwan’s democratic institutions and technological strengths form a solid foundation against hybrid threats.
However, resilience alone cannot secure Taiwan’s future. The island must deepen international integration to resist Beijing’s grey zone tactics. Greater cooperation with allies like South Korea could boost cybersecurity and intelligence sharing. Furthermore, global condemnation of intimidation against Taiwanese officials overseas is crucial.
Domestically, Taiwan must manage political divisions to adopt a unified strategy. Initiatives like the Whole-of-Society Resilience program aim to strengthen national readiness. Ultimately, Taiwan’s success depends on political cohesion, international partnerships, and a firm but calm response.
To conclude, China seeks to win Taiwan without firing a shot by blending lawfare, cyberattacks, and intimidation. Yet Taiwan’s resilience and democratic values provide hope. With unity and global support, Taiwan can resist these hybrid challenges and protect its sovereignty.
