Lawmakers in South Korea are considering a nationwide ban on traditional bullfighting, sparking a heated debate over cultural heritage and animal welfare. The bill, submitted by Rep. Son Sol of the Progressive Party, would abolish the country’s Traditional Bullfighting Act and prohibit bullfighting events one year after passage.
Bullfighting has deep roots in rural Korea, tracing back to the Three Kingdoms era. Communities in Boeun, Cheongdo, and Jinju have long celebrated festivals featuring bulls testing their strength. Local historians say these competitions reinforced social bonds and served as a form of communal entertainment.
Proponents argue bullfighting is a cultural tradition. Residents in Jinju note that contests have continued for over 140 years. They say the sport reflects rural agricultural rhythms and preserves historical practices across generations.
However, animal rights advocates strongly oppose the sport. They cite a 2025 nationwide investigation of 131 bullfights, which found more than 60 percent of contests caused bleeding injuries. Many bulls were forced to fight using rope techniques, and some were quickly slaughtered following injuries. The report also highlighted harsh training methods, including tire-dragging and whipping.
Local governments face budgetary and political challenges due to the proposed ban. North Chungcheong Province and Boeun County had allocated 228 million won for next year’s competitions. If the law passes, funding for these events would likely be canceled. Several municipalities, including Jeongeup, Wanju, Gimhae, and Haman, have already cut bullfighting budgets citing ethical concerns.
Rep. Son called the Animal Protection Act’s bullfighting exemption outdated. He added that using animals for profit or amusement by causing injury is a form of abuse, and the law should reflect modern ethical standards.
Public sentiment is shifting. A national poll last year indicated that 70.1 percent of respondents had no intention of attending bullfighting events. Moreover, 57 percent opposed allocating public funds to the sport. Critics also note that venues like Cheongdo Bullfighting Arena operate at a deficit despite tens of billions of won in subsidies.
The debate mirrors global trends, with countries like Mexico and Spain facing similar conflicts over bullfighting. Mexico City banned Spanish-style bullfighting in 2022, permitting only nonviolent exhibitions, while Spain continues to defend its traditions despite protests.
As lawmakers review the proposal, the outcome could redefine how South Korea balances heritage with animal welfare and public opinion.
